Understanding how to become an SEN teacher involves starting with a relevant degree in education or a related field, followed by completing a Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) to gain teaching qualifications. After securing Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) through a recognised training program, it’s important to gain practical experience with SEN students, potentially as a teaching assistant. This guide will show you how to become a SEN teacher, the qualifications needed, and the essential skills for success.

What Are the Main Types of SEN Teachers?

Special Educational Needs (SEN) teachers cater instruction to the learning needs of students with diverse learning difficulties or disabilities. The following are the main types of SEN teachers, depending on the requirements of the students and their learning environments:

• Primary SEN Teacher: Specialises in working with children in primary school (ages 4-11) with early developmental, social, and academic needs. They often use multi-sensory techniques to accommodate a range of learning needs.

• Secondary SEN Teacher: These teachers support high school students aged 11-18 at the secondary level. They focus on academic skills, social development, and help students prepare for further education and/or employment. They also work on fostering students’ independence and employability skills.
• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Specialists: ASD specialists work with students diagnosed with ASD, providing support to address communication, social interaction, and behavioural issues. Their support may include the creation of structured routines, the use of visual cues/aids, and the application of techniques such as applied behaviour analysis (ABA) to enhance the learning process.
• Learning Disability Specialist: The learning disability specialist works with students who have specific learning disabilities in areas such as reading (dyslexia), mathematics (dyscalculia), and writing (dysgraphia). They provide targeted teaching to strengthen literacy, numeracy, and other foundational skills.
• Emotional and Behavioural Disorder (EBD) Teachers: EBD teachers support students with emotional and behavioural disorders, helping them manage behaviours that can interfere with learning. They encourage positive behaviours through positive behavioural supports, counselling, and structured routines to help students master self-regulation.
• Teachers for Physical Disabilities and Sensory Impairments: These teachers work with students who have physical disabilities, hearing impairments, or visual impairments. They use assistive technology, modify classroom environments, and create instructional materials to meet students’ sensory needs.
• SEN Teachers in Special Schools: Special schools cater to students with complex or severe needs. There is a high level of coordination between SEN teachers and multidisciplinary teams in these settings, with staff prioritising holistic care and individualised educational and therapeutic interventions.

It’s important to note that there is no singular definition of ‘SEN’; each type of SEN teacher provides a different—and vital—type of support for diverse groups of learners. Choosing a specialism that aligns with your skills and passions is essential.

What Does an SEN Teacher Do?

SEN teachers provide tailored academic instruction to meet the specific needs of students with disabilities or learning difficulties. Here are some of the key responsibilities of an SEN teacher:

• Assessing Individual Needs: SEN teachers evaluate each child’s unique learning challenges and strengths. They consider literacy, numeracy, social, and emotional needs, along with any barriers to learning. This comprehensive assessment informs their teaching strategies. The goal is to understand how to best support each student.
• Developing Individualised Education Plans (IEPs): Based on assessments, SEN teachers create IEPs tailored to each student. These plans outline specific targets, learning methods, and necessary support. IEPs are regularly reviewed and adjusted to reflect student progress. This ensures that the plans remain relevant to their evolving needs.
• Adapting Teaching Styles and Techniques: SEN teachers employ diverse instructional strategies to cater to all learners. They use visual aids, hands-on activities, and assistive technology. Sensory resources are also incorporated to enhance accessibility. This approach helps to ensure that lesson material is engaging and comprehensible.
• Classroom Management and Behaviour Support: Positive behaviour support strategies are key in SEN classrooms. Teachers help students manage their emotions and behaviours through structured routines. Clear communication and individual behaviour plan to foster a supportive environment. This promotes positive interactions among students.
• Collaboration with Other Professionals: SEN teachers work closely with specialists like speech therapists and psychologists. This collaboration ensures a holistic approach to each student’s education. By addressing both academic and therapeutic needs, they create comprehensive support systems. This teamwork enhances the overall learning experience.
• Communication with Parents/Carers: Regular updates to parents and carers are essential for student success. SEN teachers share progress reports, needs, and targets with families. This communication helps parents support learning at home effectively. Building a strong partnership with families enhances the child’s educational journey.
• Monitoring and Reporting Progress: SEN teachers track and document each student’s progress over time. They share this information with parents and school administrators regularly. Assessment data is utilised to evaluate the effectiveness of instructional strategies. This ongoing monitoring helps refine teaching practices.

Overall, SEN teachers play a crucial role in helping students facing learning challenges reach their full potential by modifying teaching methods and creating an inclusive, supportive learning environment.

Average SEN Teacher Salary

Salaries for Special Educational Needs (SEN) teachers in the UK vary based on experience, with more seasoned educators earning higher wages. Additionally, salaries can be influenced by location and areas of specialisation. The following outlines the typical salary ranges for SEN teachers:

• Newly Qualified SEN Teachers (NQTs): Typically earn between £28,000 and £30,000 annually. In London or for roles in high-demand specialisations, starting salaries may be slightly elevated due to extra allowances.

• Experienced SEN Teachers: Those with several years of experience generally receive between £30,000 and £40,000. Salary increases are contingent upon teaching performance, added responsibilities, and years of service.
• Upper Pay Scale (UPS) Teachers: SEN teachers who progress to the upper pay scale—often by assuming additional responsibilities or leadership roles—can earn between £40,000 and £50,000.
• Senior Roles: Special Educational Needs Coordinators (SENCOs) typically earn between £45,000 and £60,000, overseeing all SEN provisions within a school, managing staff, and coordinating support services.

• Higher-Paid Special School SEN Teachers: Educators in special schools or those working with more complex needs (such as severe learning difficulties, multi-sensory impairments, behavioural, emotional, and social difficulties, moderate learning difficulties, or profound and multiple learning difficulties) receive slightly higher salaries to reflect the specialised knowledge and adaptability required for these positions.

Essential Skills of an SEN Teacher 

The skills required for a Special Educational Needs (SEN) teacher to effectively support a diverse range of students differ significantly from those needed in other teaching roles. These essential skills include:

• Compassion and Patience: SEN teachers must demonstrate empathy and patience while working with students. They need to be understanding and flexible in their teaching methods. Adapting approaches to meet individual needs is crucial. This fosters a supportive learning environment.
• Adaptability and Creativity: Teachers often modify lessons on the spot to enhance accessibility. Creative strategies are essential for engaging diverse learners. Being adaptable allows them to respond to changing student needs. This flexibility is vital for effective teaching.
• Behaviour Management Skills: Managing challenging behaviours is a key responsibility of SEN teachers. They require tools to create structured, supportive environments. This helps students learn to regulate their behaviour. Effective behaviour management promotes a positive classroom atmosphere.
• Excellent Communication Skills: Clear communication with children, parents, and colleagues is vital. SEN teachers must explain concepts simply and provide constructive feedback. Reporting progress and addressing concerns is also important. Strong communication fosters collaboration and understanding.
• Team Working: Collaboration with therapists, counsellors, and support staff is essential. SEN teachers must work closely with a multi-disciplinary team. Effective teamwork enhances the support provided to students. This holistic approach addresses all aspects of a student’s needs.
• Organisational Skills: Keeping track of Individual Education Plans (IEPs) is crucial for SEN teachers. Managing multiple IEPs and monitoring progress can be demanding. Good record-keeping is essential for effective support. Strong organisational skills help teachers juggle various responsibilities.
• Good Knowledge of Assistive Technology: Familiarity with assistive technology is important for supporting SEN students. This includes tools like speech-to-text software and communication devices. SEN teachers should know how to set up and use these technologies. Supporting students in their use enhances their learning experience.

SEN Teacher Tips

Here are some tips for becoming an effective Special Educational Needs (SEN) teacher:

• Create a Positive Rapport with Students: Building a strong relationship with each student is essential for successful tutoring. Take the time to get to know them and show genuine interest in their lives and well-being. Recognising their strengths and interests helps foster a supportive environment.
• Individualised Learning: Recognise that each student is unique and requires tailored approaches. Avoid a one-size-fits-all method. Use Individual Education Plans (IEPs) to guide lesson adaptations. This ensures lessons meet specific student needs continuously.
• Use Positive Reinforcement: Rewarding good behaviour with praise, incentives, or small prizes is motivating. This method encourages students to discuss their mistakes openly. It fosters a supportive classroom atmosphere. Positive reinforcement helps build confidence among learners.
• Engage with Professional Development: Ongoing professional development is essential for SEN teaching. Attend conferences, seminars, and workshops to enhance your skills. Focus on topics like behaviour management and assistive technology. Staying informed ensures you remain effective in your role.
• Work with Families: Engaging families in the learning process is vital for success. Open communication with parents builds trust and collaboration. This partnership enables parents to support their children at home. It enhances the overall impact of your teaching programme.
• Manage Stress: The demands of SEN teaching can be overwhelming, making self-care crucial. Build a support network of colleagues for guidance and encouragement. Take regular breaks to recharge and maintain balance. Prioritising well-being is essential for sustained effectiveness.
• Celebrate Small Wins: Progress may be gradual, so it’s important to recognise small achievements. Celebrating milestones boosts confidence and motivation for both students and teachers. Acknowledging progress fosters a positive learning environment. This encourages continued effort and engagement.

SEN Teacher Requirements

To become a Special Educational Needs (SEN) teacher, you typically need specific qualifications, training, and experience. Here are the steps to start your career as an SEN teacher:

• Degree in Education or Similar Subject: A degree in education is often required, though a degree in special education, psychology, or a related field may also be acceptable. Some SEN teachers hold degrees in child development, social work, or counselling.
• Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE): Many SEN teachers complete a PGCE, which is a one-year postgraduate teaching qualification. Specialist PGCE courses focusing on SEN teaching are available, providing targeted training in special education.
• Qualified Teacher Status (QTS): In the UK, all state schools require teachers to have QTS, usually obtained through a postgraduate teacher training programme (PGCE, School Direct, or Teach First).
• SENCO Qualification: Some SEN teachers pursue the SENCO qualification, especially if they aim to move into leadership roles. This training equips teachers to manage SEN provision within a school effectively.

• Experience with SEN Students: A common pathway to teaching SEN students is beginning as a teaching assistant or support worker in an SEN setting. This experience helps develop essential skills, such as behaviour management and communication techniques.
• DBS Check: All teachers, including SEN teachers, must undergo a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check before employment to ensure they are suitable to work with children. This check is a standard part of the hiring process in schools.

How to Become an SEN Teacher

If you want to become a Special Educational Needs (SEN) teacher, here is the step-by-step guide to starting a career as a SEN Teacher:

• Get a Relevant Degree: Start with a degree in education, psychology, or a related field. If you want to work with a specific SEN group, seek coursework in that area, such as child development. This foundational knowledge is crucial for understanding student needs. Tailored education will enhance your effectiveness as a teacher.
• Complete a Teacher Training Program: Enrol in a PGCE, School Direct, or SCITT programme to acquire teaching skills. These programmes provide valuable classroom experience and training. Opt for one with an SEN focus for specialised instruction. This will prepare you to address the unique challenges in SEN education.
• Obtain Qualified Teacher Status (QTS): QTS is essential for teaching in state schools. Most teacher training courses grant QTS upon completion. This includes practical experience in classroom settings. Achieving QTS is a key step in your teaching career.
• Get Some SEN Experience: If you lack experience, consider roles as a teaching assistant or support worker. Volunteering in an SEN setting provides hands-on experience with SEN students. This exposure helps develop the skills needed in the classroom. Practical experience is highly valued by employers.
• Consider Supplemental SEN Qualifications: Pursue a SENCO qualification or additional SEN certifications to enhance your expertise. These qualifications prepare you for leadership roles in SEN education. Expanding your skill set can improve your career prospects. It also deepens your understanding of SEN provision.
• Create Core Skills: Develop essential skills such as empathy, behaviour management, and adaptability. Effective communication is crucial for working with diverse learners. These abilities will help you address the varying needs of SEN students. Strong core skills are foundational to successful teaching.
• Apply for SEN Teaching Positions: Seek SEN teaching roles in mainstream schools, special schools, and SEN units. Emphasise your SEN training and classroom experience in applications. Highlight your commitment to supporting learners with additional needs. This focus will strengthen your candidacy for positions.

Get Qualified as an SEN Teacher 

Certificate in Special Educational Needs, Special Educational Needs Essentials, Special Educational Needs Online Course, Special Educational Needs Training

Frequently Asked Questions

Why Should You Be an SEN Teacher?

There is nothing more rewarding than being an SEN teacher, as it significantly impacts the lives of students with special educational needs. SEN teachers help students overcome learning difficulties, build self-confidence, and acquire skills necessary for life. For those passionate about inclusion, patience, and assisting students with diverse learning needs, this is a perfect career choice.

Is SEN Teaching a Good Career Choice for You?

SEN teaching is an excellent option if you are caring, patient, and flexible. It is particularly suited for those who are dedicated to helping children with disabilities or learning difficulties and who are committed to fostering an inclusive school environment.

What Are Typical SEN Teacher Salaries?

Starting salaries for SEN teachers range from £28,000 to £30,000 for new teachers. Experienced SEN teachers typically earn between £30,000 and £40,000. In senior positions, such as SEN Coordinator, salaries can reach up to £60,000 or more, depending on responsibilities and location.

Which Qualifications Can Help with a Career in SEN?

Common qualifications for SEN teachers include a degree in education, a PGCE with a specialism in SEN, and Qualified Teacher Status (QTS). Obtaining a SENCO qualification can facilitate advancement into more senior positions or specialised roles within schools.

Do I Need to Be Experienced to Get Started?

Having experience with SEN is beneficial. Most new SEN teachers often begin as teaching assistants or SEN teaching support workers, gaining valuable experience in an SEN setting. Prior experience working with SEN pupils can significantly aid your transition into a teaching career.

What Is the SEN Teacher Career Outlook?

The demand for skilled SEN teachers remains consistent as awareness of SEN needs continues to grow. There are also opportunities for career progression, such as becoming SEN Coordinators, and SEN leaders, or taking roles in special schools and educational policy.

SEN Teacher Hierarchy and Progressing Within the Role

SEN teachers can advance to positions like SEN Coordinator (SENCO) or head of SEN. Experienced teachers may also transition into advisory and policy roles, working for local authorities or SEN organisations to influence broader policy and practice in SEN.

SEN Teacher Exit Options and Opportunities

Many teachers choose to remain within the SEN field, moving into educational consultancy, special needs advocacy, or educational policy. Opportunities also exist in charities, educational psychology, or support agencies, allowing them to impact SEN services and resources.